Territorial partitioning of the contact zone of the European Medicago rigidula and the closely related Asian Medicago rigiduloides in Iran

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

2 Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), PO Box 13185‌116, Tehran, Iran.

3 Science and Technology Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.

4 Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Medicago rigiduloides E. Small is a mostly Asian species that was recently separated from the extremely closely related, mostly European species, M. rigidula (L.) All. Medicago is a large genus of about 90 species, but there has never been a study of how any of these interact geographically where they meet. This, the first such study, documents the distribution ranges of the two species in Iran, based on 14 representative populations. The two species are extremely difficult to distinguish morphologically, so in addition to analysis of their morphology, molecular analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region was conducted, and the degree of reliability of the diagnostic characters of the two taxa was assessed. Medicago rigidula, known to be mainly European, was found to have extended into Iran bordering the Caspian Sea. Medicago rigiduloides was found to be widely distributed in northwestern, western, southwestern, and central Iran, consistent with the hypothesis that the taxon is mainly Asian. Thus, the main distributions of the two taxa appear to be mainly parapatric, presumably related to different adaptations to the local ecology.

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

تقسیم‌بندی جغرافیایی نواحی تماس گونه اروپایی M. rigidula و نزدیک‌ترین گونه آسیای آن M. rigiduloides در ایران

Authors [Persian]

  • میترا بیات 1
  • مصطفی اسدی 2
  • ارنست اسمال 3
  • ایرج مهرگان 4
1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه زیست‌شناسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 استاد پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، تهران، ایران
3 استاد گروه علوم و تکنولوژی، مؤسسه کشاورزی- غذایی کانادا، اتاوا، کانادا
4 گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران
Abstract [Persian]

Medicago rigiduloides E. Small گونه‌ای عمدتاً آسیایی است که اخیرا از خویشاوند اروپایی بسیار نزدیک به آن یعنیM. rigidula (L.) All. تفکیک شده است. جنس Medicago جنسی بزرگ با حدود ۹۰ گونه است و لی تاکنون بر هم کنش آنها در نواحی تلاقی مطالعه نشده است. این اولین مطالعه از این نوع در ایران با بررسی ۱۴ جمعیت است. تشخیص دو گونه از هم با ویژگی‌های مورفولوژیک بسیار مشکل است و بنابراین علاوه بر ویژگی‌های مورفولوژیک، ناحیه فاصله انداز داخلی (ITS) آنها نیز بررسی شد. نتایج این بررسی نشان داد که پراکندگی گونه عمدتاً اروپایی Medicago rigidula به منطقه خزری امتداد یافته است. گونه Medicago rigiduloides به طور گسترده در شمال غرب، غرب، جنوب غرب و مناطق مرکزی ایران پراکنده شده که این موضوع مؤید پراکندگی عمدتاً آسیایی این گونه است. بنابراین این به نظر می‌رسد که این دو گونه الگوی پراکندگی پاراپاتریک (parapatric) متأثر از سازگاری به شرایط اکولوژیک محلی دارند.

Keywords [Persian]

  • : pod morphology traits
  • annual Medicago
  • genetic variation
  • geographical distribution

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The Iranian Journal of Botany
Volume 27, Issue 2
December 2021
Pages 115-129

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History

  • Receive Date: 08 June 2021
  • Revise Date: 05 August 2021
  • Accept Date: 21 September 2021

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