MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY OF THE GENUS SALIX (SALICACEAE) WITH AN EMPHASIZE TO ITS SPECIES IN IRAN

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 PhD Student / Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14115-175, Iran

2 Associate Professor / Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14115-175, Iran

3 Professor / Department of Botany, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, P. O. Box 13185-116, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

This study represents phylogenetic analyses of nrDNA ITS for 62 accessions of 55 Salix species and two Populus species as outgroups using maximum parsimony and Bayesian methods. A subset of 14 speciesof Salix sampled for nrDNA ITS was included in a phylogenetic analysis using trnL-F region. The resulting nrDNA ITS phylogeny revealed that all five currently recognized Salix subgenera except the monotypic subgenus Longifoliae are not monophyletic. Likewise, most of Salix sections are not monophyletic. The analysis showed that Salix humboldtiana, native to South America and Mexico, positioned at the base of the tree as sister to the remaining Salix species. The Iranian Salix species are scattered across the tree. Several polymorphic nucleotide sites of nrDNA ITS were detected for Salix zygostemon, S. acmophylla and S. elymaitica. This indicates thatthese taxa may have a hybrid origin. In the case of Salix zygostemon, trnL-F data showed that itwas nested a polytomy containing S. cinerea and S. elbursensis. While on the nrDNA tree, its position is unclear. Meanwhile, the data suggested that Salix may have been originated in warm temperate regions of the new world and then diversified in both warm and cold temperate regions of northern hemisphere.

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

فیلوژنی ملکولی جنس بید (Salicaceae) با تاکید بر گونه‌های ایران

Authors [Persian]

  • اعظم عبداله زاده 1
  • شاهرخ کاظم پور اوصالو 2
  • علی اصغر معصومی 3
1 دانشجوی دکتری گ/ روه علوم گیاهی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
2 دانشیار / گروه علوم گیاهی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
3 استاد پژوهش / موسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مرتع کشور
Abstract [Persian]

این مطالعه آنالیز فیلوژنتیکی داده‌های توالی‌های nrDNA ITS برای 62 تاکسون شامل 55 گونه Salix و دو گونه ی Populus به عنوان برون گروه و توالی‌های trnL-F کلروپلاستی برای 14 گونه Salix استفاده شد. آنالیز فیلوژنتیکی با استفاده از روشهای بیشینه‌ی صرفه جوئی (Maximum Parsimony) و Bayesianانجام گرفت. فیلوژنی حاصل از توالی‌های  nrDNA ITS نشان داد که همه‌ی پنج زیرجنس رایج Salix به استثنای زیرجنس مونوتیپیکLongifoliae  تک‌تبار نمی‌باشند. همچنین اکثر بخشهای Salix تک‌تبار نمی‌باشند. آنالیزها نشان داد که Salix humboldtiana، بومی آمریکای جنوبی و مکزیک، در قاعده درختان به عنوان خواهر بقیه گونه های Salix قرار گرفته است.  گونه‌های ایرانی Salix در سرتاسر درخت پراکنده هستند. چندین جایگاه پلی مورفی نوکلئوتیدی درnrDNA ITS در S. zygostemon، S. acmophyllaو S. elymaitica شناسایی شد، که نشان می‌دهد این تاکسون‌ها احتمالا منشا هیبریدی دارند. در مورد S. zygostemon داده های trnL-F نشان دادند که این گونه با S. cinereaو S. elbursensisبصورت پلی‌تومی هستند. درحالیکه در درختnrDNA ITS جایگاه آن نامعلوم است. داده‌های حاضر پیشنهاد می‌کنند که ممکن است منشا Salix مناطق معتدله گرم در دنیای جدید و گونه‌زائی بعدی آن در مناطق سرد نیمکره‌ی شمالی باشد.

Keywords [Persian]

  • trnL-F
  • phylogeny
  • Salix
  • Populus
  • nrDNA ITS
  • Salicaceae

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The Iranian Journal of Botany
Volume 17, Issue 2 - Serial Number 2
December 2011
Pages 244-253

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History

  • Receive Date: 20 July 2011
  • Revise Date: 30 August 2011
  • Accept Date: 01 October 2011

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