MEGAGAMETOPHYTE AND EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT IN FIVE SPECIES OF ASTRAGALUS (FABACEAE)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Master of Science / Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran, P. O. Box: 14515/775

2 Professor / Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Tehran, Iran

3 Associate Professor / Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran, P. O. Box: 14515/775

4 Professor / Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Department of Botany, Tehran Iran

5 Assistant Professor / Islamic Azad University, Roodehen Branch, Department of Biology, Roodehen, Iran

Abstract

The development of the megagametophyte, embryo and the endosperm in Astragalus eriocarpus (sect. Malacothrix), A. glaucacanthus (sect. Poterion), A. remotijugus (sect. Caprini), A. chrysostachys (sect. Hymenostegis) and A. compactus (sect. Rhacophorus) were examined. The ovule are campylotropous, bitegmic and crassinucellate; integuments form a zig-zag shaped microphyle. The embryogenesis was similar in the species. Megagametophyte development follows the monosporic Polygonum type and the embryo development follows the Onagrad type. The fusion of the polar nuclei, development of the endosperm, digestion of the nucellus, seed abortion and suspensor development show major differences among studied species. Furthermore, the size and shape of the suspensor is quite variable among the five species. These characters are compared with the other species of Astragalus and also their phylogenetic significance is discussed. Also we describe a case of polyembryony for the first time in A. remotijugus.

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

تکوین رویان و کیسه رویانی در پنج گونه از گون‌های ایران

Authors [Persian]

  • مژگان فرهنگی ثابت 1
  • احمد مجد 2
  • طاهر نژاد ستاری 3
  • علی اصغر معصومی 4
  • علی مازوجی 5
1 کارشناس ارشد / دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران
2 استاد / دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال
3 دانشیار / دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران
4 استاد پژوهش / موسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور
5 استادیار / دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد رودهن
Abstract [Persian]

تکوین رویان، کیسه رویانی و آندوسپرم در Astragalus eriocarpus (sect. Malacothrix)،  A. glaucacanthus (sect. Poterion)، A. remotijugus (sect. Caprini)، A. chrysostachys (sect. Hymenostegis) و A. compactus (sect. Rhacophorus) بررسی شده است. تخمک‌ها در هر پنج گونه نیمه واژگون هستند و بافت خورش توسط دو پوسته احاطه می‌شود. سفت به واسطه رشد نامتقارن پوسته خارجی، زیگزاکی است. الگوی کلی رویان‌زایی در هر پنج گونه مشابه یکدیگر است. در هر پنج گونه تکوین کیسه رویانی از نوع علف هفت بند و تکوین رویان از نوع گل مغربی است. اختلافات اصلی در رویان‌زایی این گونه‌ها، زمان تلفیق هسته‌های قطبی، نمو آندوسپرم، هضم خورش، سقط رویان و از همه مهمتر نمو آویز می‌باشد. اندازه و شکل آویز در هر پنج گونه متفاوت است، این نتیجه با نتایج حاصل از مطالعات مولکولی در گون مقایسه شده است. در پژوهش حاضر، در گونه A. remotijugus برای اولین بار چندرویانی گزارش شده است.

Keywords [Persian]

  • embryogenesis
  • suspensor
  • suspensor haustorium
  • polyembryony
  • abnormal embryo
  • Astragalus
  • Fabaceae

References

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The Iranian Journal of Botany
Volume 17, Issue 2 - Serial Number 2
December 2011
Pages 167-174

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History

  • Receive Date: 01 May 2011
  • Revise Date: 29 June 2011
  • Accept Date: 10 August 2011

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