MICROMORPHOLOGICAL AND TAXONOMICAL STUDY OF THE GENUS PAPAVER SECT. MECONIDIUM (PAPAVERACEAE) IN IRAN

Document Type : Research Paper

Author

Research Lecturer / Faculty of Biological Science, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Pollen grains and seed morphology of nine taxa from Papaver L. genus belonging to section Meconidium were examined by using light and scanning electron microscopy and their taxonomic significance evaluated.The basic shape of pollen grains in most studied taxa is prolate – spheroidal, but suboblate and oblate – spheroidal pollen grains also have been seen. The grains are tricolpate and their surface is microechinate. Seeds are reniform; the shape of epidermal cells is polygonal or rectangular and anticlinal walls of epidermal cells are mostly sinuate, rarely straight. Our results revealed that palynogical data are not of much taxonomic significance in separation of taxa, whereas differences in seed characteristics among the taxa are valuable in separating taxa at specific and infraspecific levels in the section. Also, during taxonomical studies of the genus, we found a new variety which is described as P. persicum subsp. persicum var. glabrum. P. persicum subsp. microcarpum (Boiss.) Kadereit is recorded here for the first time from W. Iran. Moreover, two new hybrids are recognized in Iran: 1) P. persicum × P. armeniacum, 2)  P. armeniacum subsp. armeniacum  × subsp. pilgerianum.   For these taxa, taxonomical characteristics, localities, identification key and geographical distributions are given.

Keywords


Article Title [Persian]

مطالعه میکرومورفولوژیکی و تاکسونومیکی جنس Papaver از سکسیون Meconidium در ایران

Author [Persian]

  • زهرا توکلی
مربی پژوهش / گروه زیست‌شناسی دانشگاه خوارزمی
Abstract [Persian]

در این مطالعه 9 تاکسون از جنس Papaver (sect. Meconidium)  مورد مطالعه و بررسی قرار گرفت. تاکسونP. persicum subsp. persicum var. glabrum  به عنوان یک واریته جدید معرفی می‌گردد. تاکسونهایP. armeniacum subsp. armeniacum × subsp. pilgerianum   و P. persicum × P. armeniacumبه عنوان دو رگه دو والدی معرفی می‌گردند. زیرگونهP. persicum subsp. microcarpum  برای اولین بار از غرب ایران گزارش می‌شود. مورفولوژی دانه گرده و بذر گونه‌های مورد مطالعه با استفاده از میکروسکپ نوری و الکترونی شرح داده شده و با یکدیگر مقایسه شدند. همچنین ویژگیهای تاکسونومیکی، رویشگاه، کلید شناسایی و پراکنش جغرافیایی گونه‌ها ارائه گردیده است.

Keywords [Persian]

  • Papaver
  • Taxonomy
  • pollen
  • seed
  • micromorphology
  • Iran
Boissier, E., 1867: Papaver.  In: Boissier, E. (ed.), Flora orientalis, vol. 1: 105-119. -Geneva & Basileae.
Bonjanansky, V.& Fargasova, A., 2007: Atlas of seeds and fruits of Central and East European Flora. -Springer.
Cullen, J., 1965: Papaver. In: Davis, P.H. (ed.), Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, vol.  1: 219 -236. -Edinburgh University Press.
Cullen, J., 1966: Papaver.  In: Rechinger  K. H. (ed.),  Flora Iranica, no. 34: 10 - 22 -Akademische Druck - und Verlagsanstalt, Graz.
Erdtman, G., 1989: Pollen morphology and Plant taxonomy – Angiosperms. E. J. Brill,     Leiden, The Netherlands.
Fedde, F., 1909: Papaveraceae – Hypecoideae et Papaveraceae – Papaveroideae. In  Engler, A., (ed.), Das  Pflanazenreich, vol. 4 (104): 1 - 430 -Wilhelm Engelman, Leipzig.
Kadereit, J. W., 1986: A revision of Papaver section Argemonidium. -Notes from the  Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh 44 (1): 25 - 43.
Kadereit, J. W., 1988: Sectional affinities and geographical distributio in the genus Papaver L. (Papaveraceae). -Beitr. Biol. Pflanzen 63: 139 – 156.
Kadereit, J. W., 1993: A revision of Papaver sect. Meconidium. -Edinburgh Journal of Botany 50 (2): 125 - 148.
Kiger, R. W., 1985: Revised sectional nomenclature in Papaver L. -Taxon 34: 150 – 152.
Maberlley, D. J., 2008: Mabberlley,s  plant  book: a Portable Dictionary of the Vascular Plants, third edition. -Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
Moore, P. D., Webb, J. A. & Couirson, M. E., 1991: Pollen analysis. -Black well scientific publications, Oxford.
Popov, M. G., 1937:  Papaver. In: Komarov, V. L. (ed.), Flora of the U. S. S. R., vol. 7.: 456 – 494. -Moskva & Leningrad.
Simpson, M. G., 2006: Plant Systematics. -Elsevier Academic Press, Canada.