APPLICATION OF ACHENE MORPHOLOGY IN SYSTEMATICS OF SOME IRANIAN TARAXACUM (ASTERACEAE TRIBE CICHORIEAE) SPECIES

Authors

1 PhD Student / Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Aza dUniversity, Tehran, Iran

2 Associate Professor / Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Aza dUniversity, Tehran, Iran

3 Professor / Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, P.O. Box 13185-116, Tehran, Iran

4 Membership of scientific board / Research Center of Agricultural and Natural Resources of Fars province, P.O. Box 71555-617, Iran

5 Assistant Professor / Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Aza dUniversity, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Achene micro-morphology of 17 species of Taraxacum (Asteraceae) is investigated using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). In this study 12 qualitative and quantitative characters such as achene length, width and colour, ornamentation type and size, length of beak, length and colour of pappus were examined. Cluster Analysis (CA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of data showed that micromorphology of achene has significant role in separating species from each other and it does support the delimitation at sectional level. Our results showed that ornamentation on achene body cannot be used in separation of taxa at species level as well as sectional rank, whereas ornamentation size showed to be a better tool for separation of species. Since fruit micromorphology provides some evidences for delimitation of species and sections, the results then were compared with the phylogenetic trees obtained from Maximum Parsimony (MP) and the Bayesian analysis (BA) of the nrDNA ITS region. Our results showed that current taxonomic system of the genus Taraxacum is not compatible with its phylogeny.

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

کاربرد مورفولوژی فندقه در رده بندی چند گونه از قاصدک (Asteraceae tribe Cichorieae) در ایران

Authors [Persian]

  • فائزه سوادکوهی 1
  • طاهر نژاد ستاری 2
  • مصطفی اسدی 3
  • عفت جعفری 4
  • ایرج مهرگان 5
1 دانشجوی دکتری سیستماتیک گیاهی / دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، گروه زیست‌شناسی، تهران، ایران.
2 دانشیار / گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران
3 استاد پژوهش / موسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، تهران، ایران.
4 عضو هیئت علمی / مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، فارس، ایران
5 استادیار / گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران.
Abstract [Persian]

میکرومورفولوژی هفده گونه متعلق به جنس قاصدک (تیره آفتابگردان) با استفاده از میکروسکوپ الکترونی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. در این مطالعه دوازده صفت کمی و کیفی از قبیل طول، عرض و رنگ فندقه، نوع و اندازه تزئینات بدنه فندقه، طول منقار، طول و رنگ پاپوس بررسی شد. آنالیز خوشه­ای و آنالیز مولفه اصلی داده­ها نشان داد که میکرومورفولوژی فندقه در تفکیک گونه‌ها از یکدیگر نقش مهمی داشته در حالیکه جداسازی در سطح بخشه را تایید نمی­کند. نتایج نشان داد که شکل و تزئینات خارها در سطح فندقه نمی­تواند برای جداسازی تاکسون­ها در سطح گونه به اندازه سطح بخشه مفید باشد، در حالیکه اندازه تزئینات نشان داد که می­تواند به عنوان ابزار مناسبی برای تفکیک گونه­ها باشد. با اینحال به نظر می­رسد که میکرومورفولوژی میوه شواهدی را برای تعیین حدود گونه­ها و بخشه­ها فراهم می­کند، سپس نتایج با درخت های فیلوژنی بدست آمده از آنالیزهای ماکزیمم پارسیمونی و Bayesian ناحیه فاصله انداز درونی هسته­ای مقایسه شد. نتایج نشان داد که تاکسونومی جنس قاصدک با فیلوژنی آن سازگار نیست.

Keywords [Persian]

  • Achene micromorphology
  • Asteraceae
  • Iran
  • nrDNA ITS
  • Taraxacum phylogeny

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The Iranian Journal of Botany
Volume 18, Issue 2 - Serial Number 2
December 2012
Pages 249-161

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History

  • Receive Date: 08 August 2012
  • Revise Date: 26 August 2012
  • Accept Date: 05 September 2012

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