An annotated checklist of bryophytes of Iran, with notes on phytogeography

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Nowshahr Botanical Garden, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tehran, Iran

2 Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden

3 Department of Biology, faculty of biological Sciences, Tehran North Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

The climate of Iran is mainly arid or semi-arid, except for the area in the south of the Caspian Sea on the northern slope of the Alborz Mountains and some regions of western Iran in the Zagros Mountains. These ecoregions are much lusher than the surrounding desert, semi-desert, and steppe ecoregions. As a result, most of the Iranian bryophyte diversity is found in these Mountains. This checklist is compiled from previous studies of Iran's vast territory up to the end of December 2025. However, there is still much remaining ambiguity in the taxonomy of bryophytes in Iran, even at the family level, and these problems have, so far, been mostly ignored in Iranian research. The early surveys, which focused on morphology, started in 1860. Over the 165 years since then, along with changes at different levels in taxa, the number of moss species known in Iran has reached 554 species and 40 subspecies (594 taxa). Of these, 72 are hepatics (Marchantiophyta), 480 are mosses (Bryophyta), and 2 are hornworts (Anthocerotophyta). Besides the checklist itself, the distributions of the species in the geographical and chorological elements of Iran are indicated.

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

چک لیست بریوفیت‌های ایران (همراه با اطلاعات کورولوژیکی گونه ها)

Authors [Persian]

  • حبیب زارع 1
  • لارس هدناس 2
  • مجید بهروزمند مطلق 3
  • طیبه امینی 1
1 موسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع، باغ گیاه‌شناسی نوشهر، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران
2 بخش گیاه‌شناسی، موزه تاریخ طبیعی سوئد، استکهلم، سوئد
3 دانشکده علوم زیستی، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
Abstract [Persian]

آب و هوای ایران عمدتاً خشک یا نیمه‌خشک است، به جز مناطق واقع در دامنه های شمالی کوه‌های البرز و برخی مناطق زاگرسی در غرب ایران که عمدتا با پوشش گیاهی انبوه خود از مناطق اکولوژیکی بیابانی، نیمه‌بیابانی و استپی اطراف مجزا هستند، بیشتر تنوع خزه‌های ایران در این مناطق دید می‌شود. این چک لیست با درنظر داشتن مطالعات قبلی از قلمرو وسیع ایران تا آذرماه 1404 (دسامبر 2025) گردآوری شده است. با این حال، هنوز ابهامات زیادی در طبقه‌بندی خزه‌ها در ایران، حتی در سطح خانواده، وجود دارد و این مشکلات تاکنون عمدتاً در تحقیقات ایران نادیده گرفته شده‌اند. بررسی‌های اولیه که بر مورفولوژی متمرکز بودند، از سال 1860 آغاز شد. در طول 165 سالی که از آن زمان می‌گذرد، همراه با تغییرات در سطوح مختلف تاکسونومیک، تعداد گونه‌های خزه شناخته شده در ایران به 554 گونه و 40 زیرگونه (594 آرایه) رسیده است. از این تعداد، 72 گونه متعلق به شاخه جگرواش ها (Marchantiophyta)، 480 گونه متعلق به شاخه خزه‌ ها (Bryophyta) و ۲ گونه متعلق به شاخه شاخ‌ واش‌ها (Anthocerotophyta) هستند.در این مجموعه علاوه بر فهرست گونه‌ها، پراکنش جغرافیایی و تعلق کورولوژیک گونه‌ها در رابطه با مناطق جغرافیایی و کورولوژیکی ایران نیز نشان داده شده است.

Keywords [Persian]

  • شاخ واش ها
  • مارکانسیا ها
  • خزه ها
  • پراکنش جغرافیایی
  • خاورمیانه

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History

  • Receive Date: 03 August 2025
  • Revise Date: 12 May 2026
  • Accept Date: 25 June 2026

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