The importance of qualitative and quantitative anatomical traits in distinguishing species of the series Crataegus subseries Erianthae in Iran

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran

2 Central Herbarium of Tehran University, Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

3 Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran.

4 School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

10.22092/ijb.2025.368384.1510

Abstract

Anatomical traits (leaf and epidermal cells) of 10 Crataegus species belonging to the series Crataegus subseries Erianthae were examined for a taxonomic evaluation. Anatomical characteristics were categorized into qualitative and quantitative traits. All data were analyzed using PCA and clustering methods. The results showed that qualitative such as anticlinal walls of lower epidermal cells, the shape of the vascular bundle of the midrib, the ventral shape of midribs, the stomatal type, and the mesophyll type are more effective than quantitative traits in species identification. Some quantitative traits such as the thickness of the middle vein, the ratio of length to width of the first layer of palisade parenchyma, and the ratio of length to width of the second layer of palisade parenchyma can also be used in species separation. In the species related to high altitudes, the width of the first layer of palisade parenchyma was much less than the species of low altitudes. Crataegus babakhanloui and C. aminii, which did not differ significantly in terms of qualitative traits, differed in several quantitative traits such as the length of the first layer of palisade parenchyma and the length of the long axis of stomata. Among various species and specimens, the highest length of the long axis of stomata was observed in C. aminii and the lowest belonged to specimens in C. meyeri. Crataegus khatamsazae and C. hatamii. These species were described as new species based on morphological and micromorphological differences. Our results showed differences in their quantitative and qualitative anatomical traits.

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

اهمیت صفات تشریحی کمی و کیفی در تمایز گونه‌های سری Crataegus زیر سری Erianthae در ایران

Authors [Persian]

  • بهنام حمزه 1
  • فریده عطار 2
  • روح انگیز ,عباس عظیمی 3
  • فاطمه آوخ حاجی شیرکیایی 4
1 دانشیار، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران
2 استاد، دانشکده زیست شناسی، دانشکدگان علوم ، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
3 محقق مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران
4 دانش آموخته دانشکده زیست‌شناسی، دانشکدگان علوم، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
Abstract [Persian]

صفات تشریحی (سلول‌های برگ و اپیدرم) 10 گونه زالزالک متعلق به زیرسریErianthae  برای ارزیابی تاگزونومیکی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. ویژگی‌های تشریحی به دو گروه صفات کمی و کیفی تفکیک شدند. تمامی داده‎ها با استفاده از روش‌های PCA و خوشه‌بندی تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. نتایج نشان داد که صفات کیفی مانند شکل دیواره آنتی‌کلینال اپیدرم تحتانی، شکل دسته‌های آوندی رگبرگ میانی، شکل سطح شکمی رگبرگ میانی، تیپ روزنه‌ای و تیپ مزوفیل در تشخیص گونه‌ها موثرتر از صفات کمی هستند. همچنین از برخی از صفات کمی مانند ضخامت رگبرگ میانی، نسبت‌های طول به عرض اولین و دومین لایه پارانشیم نردبانی، می‌توان در جداسازی گونه‌ها استفاده کرد. عرض اولین لایه پارانشیم نردبانی در گونه‌های مربوط به ارتفاعات بالا بسیار کم‌تر از گونه‌های ارتفاعات پایین بود. دو گونه C. babakhanloui و C. aminii که از نظر صفات کیفی اختلاف چندانی نداشتند، در تعدادی از صفات کمی مانند طول اولین لایه پارانشیم نردبانی و طول محور بلند روزنه بسیار متفاوت بودند. طول محور بلند روزنه در گونه C. aminii با اختلاف بسیار زیاد بیشترین مقدار و در جمعیت‌های گونه C. meyeri کم‌ترین مقدار را داشت. دو گونه C. khatamsazae و C. hatamii که با داشتن اختلافاتی از نظر صفات مورفولوژیکی و میکروفولوژیکی به‌عنوان گونه جدید به فلور ایران معرفی شده بودند، از نظر صفات کیفی و کمی آناتومی نیز اختلاف داشتند.

Keywords [Persian]

  • آناتومی برگ
  • تاگزونومی
  • ارتفاع
  • PCA
  • خوشه بندی

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The Iranian Journal of Botany
Volume 31, Issue 1
June 2025
Pages 75-93

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History

  • Receive Date: 21 January 2025
  • Revise Date: 11 March 2025
  • Accept Date: 16 March 2025

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