Palynological investigation of the tribe Heliantheae (Asteraceae) from Pakistan and its taxonomic implications

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Centre for Plant Conservation, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan

10.22092/ijb.2023.362462.1416

Abstract

Pollen morphology of eight genera and 11 species belonging to the tribe Heliantheae -Asteraceae viz., Blainvillea Cass., Eclipta L., Helianthus L., Parthenium L., Sphagneticola O. Hoffm., Verbesina Cav., Xanthium L. and Zinnia L. have been examined under the Light Microscope (LM) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Pollen grains are generally radially symmetrical, isopolar, mostly prolate-spheroidal to prolate rarely oblate-spheroidal or spheroidal. Tectum is usually echinate except in Xanthium and Parthenium which have micro echinate (spinulose) tectum. However, significant variation in qualitative and quantitative pollen morphological characters has been observed in pollen shape, polar length and diameter of equatorial axis (13-25 µm), exine thickness 1.31-3 µm and exine ornamentation micro echinate-echinate, spine length >1 to 4 µm, and tectum in between spines such as, punctate, to sub-psilate, rarely rugulate or granulate. Based on the exine ornamentation and cluster analysis two distinct pollen types are recognized viz., Pollen type-I Helianthus type (based on echinate), and pollen type-II Xanthium type (Micro echinate). The results of this study have shown that palynological characters are significantly helpful at specific levels. 

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

تحقیقات گرده‌شناسی روی قبیله Asteraceae) Heliantheae) در پاکستان و کاربرد آن در رده‌بندی

Authors [Persian]

  • انجم پروین
  • طابه رؤف
مرکز حفاظت گیاهان، دانشگاه کراچی، کراچی، پاکستان
Abstract [Persian]

مورفولوژی دانه گرده در ۸ جنس و یازده گونه از قبیله Heliantheae، خانواده آفتابگردان از پاکستان، شامل جنس‌هایBlainvillea Cass., Eclipta L., Helianthus L., Parthenium L., Sphagneticola O. Hoffm., Verbesina Cav., Xanthium L.  و Zinnia L. با استفاده از میکروسکوپ نوری و الکترونی، بررسی گردید. دانه‌های گرده معمولاً متقارن، جور قطب و عموماً  prolate-spheroidal تا prolate و به‌ندرت oblate-spheroidal و یا spheroidal هستند. پوسته معمولاً خاردار است، بجز در جنس‌های Xanthium و Parthenium  دارای خارهای کوتاه (تیغ دار) هستند. درهرحال تفاوت‌های کیفی و کمی زیادی در مشخصات مورفولوژی دانه‌های گرده مشاهده گردید، از جمله شکل دانه گرده، طول محور قطبی، عرض محور استوایی (۱۳-۲۵ میکرون)، اندازه پوسته ۳۱/۱-۳ میکرون و تزیینات سطح دانه گرده از خاردار تا با خارهای ریز، طول خار کوتاهتر از یک تا چهار میکرون و پوسته در فواصل بین خارها منقوط تا تقریبا صاف و یا چروکیده و یا دانه‌دار. آنالیز خوشه‌ای بر اساس تزیینات سطح دانه گرده، دو نوع دانه گرده را معرفی می‌نماید؛ دانه‌های گرده نوع ۱ و یا نوع Helianthus (با تزیینات خاردار) و نوع ۲ یا نوع Xanthium (با تزیینات با خارهای کوتاه یا تیغ دار). نتایج این مطالعه نشان می‌دهد که خصوصیات دانه گرده برای شناسایی آرایه‌ها در سطح گونه مفید هستند.

Keywords [Persian]

  • مورفولوژی گرده
  • کامپوزیت ها
  • SEM
  • قبیله Heliantheae
  • پاکستان

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The Iranian Journal of Botany
Volume 29, Issue 2
December 2023
Pages 132-146

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History

  • Receive Date: 03 July 2023
  • Revise Date: 24 November 2023
  • Accept Date: 03 December 2023

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