ارزیابی وضعیت بوم‌شناختی رودخانه آرگیچی (ارمنستان) بر اساس جوامع ماکروفیت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مرکز علمی جانورشناسی وهیدرواکولوژی آکادمی ملی علوم جمهوری ارمنستان، ایروان، ارمنستان

2 موسسه هیدرواکولوژی و ماهی شناسی مرکز علوم جانورشناسی و هیدرواکولوژی اکادمی ملی علوم جمهوری ارمنستان، ایروان، ارمنستان

چکیده

رودخانه آرگیچی پرآب‌ترین شاخه فرعی دریاچه سوان است و تنوع غنی‌ای از گونه‌های ماکروفیت دارد. در سال ۲۰۲۴، یک مطالعه جامع درباره جامعه ماکروفیت‌های رودخانه آرگچی همراه با تحقیقات فیزیکوشیمیایی و میکروبیولوژیکی انجام شد. ترکیب گونه‌ای، درصد پوشش تاجی و بیوماس ماکروفیت‌ها تحت سطوح متفاوتی از تأثیرات انسان‌زاد مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج این پژوهش ویژگی‌های رشد و توسعه ماکروفیت‌ها را در ارتباط با شرایط مختلف محیطی آشکار کرد. در طی این مطالعه، ۳۶ گونه از ماکروفیت‌ها و گیاهان ساحلی شناسایی شد که شامل  ۱/۳۶ ٪ هیدروفیت،۶/۱۶ ٪ هلوفیت، ۷/۱۷ ٪ هیگروهلوفیت و ۴/۱۹ ٪ هیگروفیت بود. در ایستگاه‌های مرجع با کمترین فشار انسان‌زاد و بار مواد مغذی، گونه هیدروفیت غالب Ranunculus trichophyllus Chaix  بود. در طول رودخانه آرگیچی، در بخش‌های پایین‌دست سکونتگاه‌ها که رودخانه تحت تأثیر رواناب کشاورزی و تخلیه فاضلاب قرار دارد، گونه‌های غالبPotamogeton pusillus L.  و P. pectinatus L. مشاهده شدند. روابط میان بیوماس و سطح پوشش ماکروفیت‌ها با متغیرهای باکتریولوژیکی و فیزیکوشیمیایی با استفاده از تحلیل همبستگی پیرسون کمی‌سازی شد. چندین شاخص مبتنی بر ماکروفیت برای ارزیابی وضعیت تغذیه‌ای رودخانه به‌کار گرفته شد، از جمله شاخص زیستی ماکروفیت در رودخانه‌ها (IBMR)، رتبه میانگین تغذیه‌ای (MTR) و شاخص ماکروفیت برای رودخانه‌ها .(MIR) پژوهش ما نشان داد که شاخص‌هایIBMR  وMTR  با پارامترهای هیدرولوژیکی، فیزیکوشیمیایی و باکتریولوژیکی همخوانی دارند و بنابراین مناسب‌ترین ابزار برای ارزیابی وضعیت تغذیه‌ای رودخانه محسوب می‌شوند. برعکس، شاخص MIR برای ارزیابی وضعیت بوم‌شناختی این رودخانه قابل قبول نیست.

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