تقسیم‌بندی جغرافیایی نواحی تماس گونه اروپایی M. rigidula و نزدیک‌ترین گونه آسیای آن M. rigiduloides در ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه زیست‌شناسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

2 استاد پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، تهران، ایران

3 استاد گروه علوم و تکنولوژی، مؤسسه کشاورزی- غذایی کانادا، اتاوا، کانادا

4 گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران

چکیده

Medicago rigiduloides E. Small گونه‌ای عمدتاً آسیایی است که اخیرا از خویشاوند اروپایی بسیار نزدیک به آن یعنیM. rigidula (L.) All. تفکیک شده است. جنس Medicago جنسی بزرگ با حدود ۹۰ گونه است و لی تاکنون بر هم کنش آنها در نواحی تلاقی مطالعه نشده است. این اولین مطالعه از این نوع در ایران با بررسی ۱۴ جمعیت است. تشخیص دو گونه از هم با ویژگی‌های مورفولوژیک بسیار مشکل است و بنابراین علاوه بر ویژگی‌های مورفولوژیک، ناحیه فاصله انداز داخلی (ITS) آنها نیز بررسی شد. نتایج این بررسی نشان داد که پراکندگی گونه عمدتاً اروپایی Medicago rigidula به منطقه خزری امتداد یافته است. گونه Medicago rigiduloides به طور گسترده در شمال غرب، غرب، جنوب غرب و مناطق مرکزی ایران پراکنده شده که این موضوع مؤید پراکندگی عمدتاً آسیایی این گونه است. بنابراین این به نظر می‌رسد که این دو گونه الگوی پراکندگی پاراپاتریک (parapatric) متأثر از سازگاری به شرایط اکولوژیک محلی دارند.

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