Garnatje, T., Valli, SJ., Garcia, S., Hidalgo, O., Sanz, M., Canela, M. A., Siljak- yakovlev, S. 2004a: Genome size in Echinops L. and related genera (Asteraceae, Cardueae): karyological, ecological and phylogenetic implications. -Biol. of the cell. 96:117-124.
Garnatje, T., Vilatersana, R., Susanna, A., Vallis, J., Siljak- yakovlev, S. 2004b: Contribution to the karyological knowledge of Echinops L. (Asteraceae, Cardueae) and related genera. -J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 145: 337-344.
Garnatje, T., Susanna, A., Garcia-Jacas, N., Vilatersana, R., Valles, J. 2005: a first approach to the molecular phylogeny of the genus Echinops L. (Asteraceae): sectional delimitation and relationships with the genus Acantholepis Less. -Folia Geobot 40: 407–419.
Garnatje, T., Martin, J. 2007: Pollen studies in the genus Echinops L. and Xeranthemum group (Asteraceae). J. Linn. Soc., -Bot. 154(4): 549–557.
Ghafari, S. M. 1999: chromosome studies in the Iranian Asteraceae II. -Iran J Bot 8(1): 91-104
Goldblatt, P., Johnson, DE. 1983: The family of Asteraceae. index to plant chromosome number. St Louis: Missouri Botanical Garden.
Hamer, Q., Harper, Dat., Ryan, P. D. 2012: PAST: Paleontological Statistics software package for education and data analysis.- Palaeonto. Electro. 4: 9
Leitch, IJ., Bennett, MD. 2004: Genome downsizing in polyploidy plants. -Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 82: 651–663.
Leitch, IJ., Hanson, L., Lim, KY., Kovarik, A., Chase, MW., Clarkson, JJ., Leitch, AR. 2008: The ups and downs of genome size evolution in polyploid species of Nicotiana (Solanaceae). -Ann. Bot. 101: 805–814.
Levan, A., Fredga, K., Sandberg, A. 1964: Nomenclature for centromeric position on chromosomes, Hereditas 52: 201-220.
Moore, DM. 1982: Florn Biropaeci. Cambridge Press. London.
Mozaffarian, V. 2005: Flora of Iran, Volume 59. Research institute of Forests and Rangeland press. -Tehran.
Peng, C. i., Yen, S.F., Guo, J.Y. 1986: Notes on the chromosome cytology of some rare, threatened or endangered plants of Taiwan (I) - Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin. 27: 219–235.
Rechinger, KH. 1979: Flora des Iranischen Hochlandes und der umrahmenden Gebirge. In: Rechinger KH, ed., Compositae III – Cynareae. Graz, Austria: Akademische Druck-u. Verlagsanstalt press. - German.
Romero-Zarco, C. 1986: A new method for estimating karyotype asymmetry. -Taxon 35: 526-530.
Sapci, H., Rewers, M., Vural, C., Sliwinska, E. 2015: Flow cytometric estimation of the nuclear genome size of Echinops (Asteraceae) taxa from Turkey.- Turk J Bot. 39(30): 140
Sánchez-Jiménez, I., Lazkov, GA., Hidalgo, O., Garnatje, T. 2010: Molecular systematics of Echinops L. (Asteraceae; Cynareae): a phylogeny based on ITS and trnL-trnF sequences with emphasis on sectional delimitation.-Taxon 59: 698–708.
Semple, JC., Watanabe, K. 2009: A review of chromosome numbers in Asteraceae with hypotheses on chromosomal base number evolution. In: VA. Funk, A. Susanna, TF. Stuessy, RJ. Bayer (Eds), Systematics, evolution and biogeography of Compositae. Vienna, Austria: -International Association for Plant Taxonomy, 61–72.
Sheidai, M., Nasirzadeh, A., Kheradnam, M. 2000: Karyotypic study of Echinops (Asteraceae) in Fars Province. Iran. -Bot J Linean Soc. 134: 453–463.
Stebbins, G.L. 1971: Chromosomal Evolution in Higher Plants. Edward Arnold press.-London.
Strid, A., Franzen, R. 1981: In Chromosome number reports LXXIII. 7nwn 30: 329 842
)
